Evaluating an Asymptomatic Adnexal Cyst Found on Pelvic Ultrasonography
“It is well recognized that simple adnexal cysts (thin-walled round or oval cysts with anechoic fluid and through transmission) are almost always benign, but there is hesitancy to ignore these common cysts and not recommend follow-up, particularly when cysts are large or when the patient is postmenopausal.
This study determines the risk for malignant ovarian cancer based on ultrasonographic characteristics of masses in the ovaries, including simple cysts. The researchers enrolled 72,093 women who underwent pelvic ultrasonography and identified 210 who were consequently diagnosed with ovarian cancer.
Normal ovaries were observed in most women. A simple cyst was the second most common ovarian finding among participants after a normal ovary. Nearly 25% of participants younger than 50 years had a simple cyst, as did 13% of women aged 50 years and older.
There was no significantly elevated risk for ovarian cancer among women with simple cysts both older and younger than 50 years compared with those with normal ovaries.
Simple cysts are frequently encountered incidental and normal findings on pelvic imaging, and additional evaluation of these findings is not warranted.”
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